Design and performance optimization of the pneumatic precision peanut planter with combined positive-negative pressure

Authors

  • Yan Yu 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Weikang Dong 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Cheng Yang 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Yushuai Song 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Jun Liu 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Yushuai Li 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 2. Qingdao Plantech Mechanical Technology Co, Ltd, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Shandong’s Main Crop Production Equipment and Mechanization,Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China

Keywords:

pneumatic seed metering device, peanut precision seeding, structural optimization of seed metering disc, discrete element simulation (EDEM), gas-solid coupling simulation, performance optimization

Abstract

To address the issue of insufficient accuracy and stability in pneumatic peanut planters during high-speed operations (above 8 km/h), this study designs a peanut precision planter based on combined positive and negative pressure, and improves its performance via multi-dimensional optimization. The research uses Shandong “Silihong” peanuts as the study subject, determining their geometric characteristics and designing the core parameters of the seed-metering disc: diameter of 255 mm, 21 suction holes, and suction hole diameter of 6.2 mm. A comparative simulation using EDEM discrete element method between the arc-shaped and spoke-wing groove seed disturbance structures shows that the spoke-wing groove structure increases the average seed speed by 17.0%, significantly improving the seed filling effect. A coupled Fluent-EDEM gas-solid simulation confirmed the optimal negative pressure to be 6.0 kPa, achieving a single-seed adsorption rate of 98.6%. Orthogonal experiments were performed to optimize the operating parameters, and the optimal combination with corresponding sowing performance indices was obtained. Field tests indicated that the performance of the planter meets the national standards for precision sowing when the operating speed is ≤12 km/h.       

Keywords:  pneumatic seed-metering device; peanut precision seeding; structural optimization of seed-metering disc; discrete element simulation (EDEM); gas-solid coupling simulation; performance optimization

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20261903.10129

Citation: Yu Y, Dong W K, Yang C, Song Y S, Liu J, Li Y S. Design and performance optimization of the pneumatic precision peanut planter with combined positive-negative pressure. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2026; 19(3): 89–98.

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Published

2026-07-14

How to Cite

(1)
Yu, Y.; Dong, W.; Yang, C.; Song, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, Y. Design and Performance Optimization of the Pneumatic Precision Peanut Planter With Combined Positive-Negative Pressure. Int J Agric & Biol Eng 2026, 19, 89–98.

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 3 (2026): IJABE

Section

Applied Science, Engineering and Technology

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